Bookwork

593-604


 * Ottoman Retreat and the Birth of Turkey || Western Intrusions and Crisis: Egypt ||
 * * **One of the biggest things that led to succession were the weak rulers**
 * Also a fight for power between two different groups of people
 * **1789-1807 Selim the III that bolder initiative had to be taken for the empire to were to survive**
 * Selim wanted to build a better army and and improve ad ministry
 * **Jannisary prove to powerful causing Selim to lose his throne**
 * **Mahmed the II, ordered a mutinity against the Jannisaries, angry Jannisaries then went to the streets but got slaughterer but Sultans army, killing everyone in their family and** **Allies**
 * Established diplomatic corps in exchange for ambassadors for Euro power
 * Dev loped his army physically mentally and got more of them
 * **Tanizamat reforms reorganized western lines and advanced in math and** **sciences**
 * British removed taxes
 * **Abdul Hamed responded to threats by retur****ning to absolutism**
 * **Telegraph and postal service were created**
 * Improved the position of religions
 * **Ottoman society for Union and Progress was made to restore the constitution in their empire**
 * **Exile of Turkish** **inter lets** || fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff


 * **Napoleons invasions led a shock to Egypt**
 * Military clash between Napoleons forces and the mamluks
 * **Murad was head of the Muhlaks**
 * **His ignorance led to many defeats and could not handle the French military and artillerymen force**
 * Led to an open invulnerability to the Muslims
 * A **weak empire compared to the rest of the world**
 * British and French fought giving a little advantage in European powers
 * **Muhammed Ali emerged as an effective ruler in Egypt impressed by weapons and discipline by the frenchs**
 * **Hired French officers to train his troops**
 * developed his army more and more
 * Was based off westernized ways but did not really work and was proved useless
 * **Suez Canal transformed egypt into one of the my strategic places on earth**
 * **Al-afghani and Muhammed Abduh proved to one of teh most best thinkers learning and thinking liek people from teh west to improved their empire**
 * **Later was Egype iudner teh control of British forces**
 * **British controlled their economy and heartlands**
 * **Khalifa was a boat builed** ||